上次在其中一本书籍读到Piotroski Score,这次再详细介绍。
Joseph D Piotroski
Associate Professor of Accounting
Academic Degrees
PhD in Accounting, 1999, The University of Michigan; M.B.A. in Finance 1994, Indiana University; B.S. in Accounting 1989, The University of Illinois; Certified Public Accountant, 1989, State of Illinois.
Professional Experience
At Stanford since 2007.
Associate Professor of Accounting, The University of Chicago 2003-2007; Assistant Professor of Accounting, The University of Chicago, 1999-2003; Graduate Research Assistant; Graduate Instructor, The University of Michigan 1994-1999; Lecturer – Introduction to Financial Accounting, Indiana University, 1992-1994; Tax Senior Associate, Coopers and Lybrand, 1989-1992.
Selected Publications
Bushman, R. and J. Piotroski, Financial Reporting Incentives for Conservative Accounting: The influence of legal and ploitical institutions.: Journal of Accounting and Economics 42 (1/2): 107-148., 2006 Bushman, R., Piotroski, J. and A. Smith. Insider Trading Restrictions and Analysts’ Incentives to Follow Firms.: The Journal of Finance 60 (1):35-66. (Nominated for the 2005 Smith-Breeden Prize), 2005 Piotroski, J. and D. Roulstone. Do Insider Trades Reflect Both Contrarian Beliefs and Superior Knowledge about Future Cash Flow Realizations?: Journal of Accounting and Economics 39 (1):55-82., 2005 Piotroski, J. and D. Roulstone. 2004. The Influence of Analysts, Institutional Investors and Insiders on: The Accounting Review 79 (4): 1119-1151., 2004 Bushman, R., Piotroski, J. and A. Smith. What Determines Corporate Transparency?: Journal of Accounting Research 42 (2): 207-252, 2004
Awards and Honors
Robert S. Hamada Faculty Fellow, 2005, University of Chicago GSB William Ladany Faculty Research Fellow, 2002, University of Chicago GSB Ernest R. Wish Accounting Research Award, 2001, University of Chicago GSB American Accounting Association Best Dissertation Award, 2000, Financial Reporting Section Deloitte and Touche Doctoral Fellowship, 1996
Current Courses
ACCT 313 Accounting-Based Valuation ACCT 316 Valuation in Emerging Markets ACCT 516 Valuation in Emerging Economies ACCT 552 Trading Strategies and Fundamental Analysis ACCT 609 Financial Reporting and Management Control GSBGEN 698 Doctoral Practicum in Teaching GSBGEN 699 Doctoral Practicum in Research
Centers/Programs
Executive Program for Growing Companies
Affiliations
Editorial Advisory Board member: Journal of Accounting Research (2005 – present) Editorial Advisory Board member: Journal of Accounting and Economics (2006 – present) Editorial Advisory Board member: The Accounting Review (2005 – present)
University of Chicago Accounting Professor, Joseph Piotroski reasoned that because value stocks are by definition often troubled companies, many will not possess the financial resources to recover. Consequently, Piotroski wondered if it was possible to improve the performance of a value stock portfolio by eliminating stocks that were the weakest financially.
Piotroski devised a simple nine-criteria stock-scoring system for evaluating a stock’s financial strength that could be determined using data solely from financial statements.
One point was awarded for each test that a stock passed. Piotroski classed any stocks that scored eight or nine points as being the strongest stocks. His findings were that these strong stocks as a group outperformed a portfolio of all value stocks by 7.5% annually over a 20-year test period. Piotroski also found that weak stocks, scoring two points or fewer, were five times more likely to either go bankrupt or delist due to financial problems.
First published in 2000, Piotroski’s scoring system has been found by a variety of researchers to throw up stocks that regularly outperform the market. Here’s how it’s calculated:
Score one point if a stock passes each test and zero if it doesn’t. The maximum score is 9.
- Net Income: Bottom line. Score 1 if last year net income is positive.
- Operating Cash Flow: A better earnings gauge. Score 1 if last year cash flow is positive.
- Return On Assets: Measures Profitability. Score 1 if last year ROA exceeds prior-year ROA.
- Quality of Earnings: Warns of Accounting Tricks. Score 1 if last year operating cash flow exceeds net income.
- Long-Term Debt vs. Assets: Is Debt decreasing? Score 1 if the ratio of long-term debt to assets is down from the year-ago value. (If LTD is zero but assets are increasing, score 1 anyway.)
- Current Ratio: Measures increasing working capital. Score 1 if CR has increased from the prior year.
- Shares Outstanding: A Measure of potential dilution. Score 1 if the number of shares outstanding is no greater than the year-ago figure.
- Gross Margin: A measure of improving competitive position. Score 1 if full-year GM exceeds the prior-year GM.
- Asset Turnover: Measures productivity. Score 1 if the percentage increase in sales exceeds the percentage increase in total assets.